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ADC
Short for 'Analogue-to-Digital Converter'.
Computers can only deal with binary or digital data, whereas much of the data collected by sensors is analogue data.
An ADC converts the analogue data into digital data so that the computer can process and store the data.
The quality of an Analogue-to-digital converter is determined by how many bits are used to represent the largest analogue value it can accept. For instance a 16 bit ADC can theoretically tell the difference between 65,536 discrete levels.
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2020-10